淘宝网toogood或tooog

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它们,去哪里了?

 

年年岁岁月相似,岁岁年年“饼”不同。

没有月饼永远是月饼界的“顶流”,但五仁月饼却总被调侃是“最难吃月饼界”的“顶流”。

对于月饼商家来说,中秋节也是一个 “推陈出新,革故鼎新”的“创新大赛”。

每年商场里都能见到各种各样的“饼界新人”,比如今年有:香辣牛肉月饼、酸菜牛蛙月饼、川式钵钵鸡月饼、芝士海盐拿铁月饼……

但是商场里原本堆积如山的月饼,在中秋节过后都悄悄不见了。

那么,它们去哪里了?

它们可能成为了高校食堂里的“黑暗料理”。

它们也有可能“身价大跌”,在节后两天降价打折销售。

但是很多消费者担心,这些卖不完的月饼会不会被回收再利用,“待到来年货架见”。

国家对此已经出台规定:“月饼经营者应当严格控制月饼保质期,对过期、霉变月饼要及时退市和销毁。”因此,许多月饼厂商都会把卖不完的月饼收回销毁,避免“陈馅回炉”。

With Mid-Autumn Festival behind us, mooncakes, the seasonal pastries that dominate shopping malls and supermarkets before the festival, may be now off the shelves.

Some customers worry whether the mooncake manufacturers will recycle the ingredient and use them to make new pastries for next year. Food safety authorities in China have regulated that the mooncakes, which expire on their best-before dates, should be off the shelves timely and then disposed of.

目前,商场里销售的散装月饼和月饼礼盒基本上都是保质期在30到60天的传统月饼。近年来,很多超市、饼屋也开始出售口味多样的鲜食月饼。和传统月饼相比,鲜食月饼保质期很短,很多都是“当日生产当日食用”

Traditional mooncakes usually should be eaten in 30 to 60 days. In recent years, supermarkets and bakeries have also begun to sell freshly-baked mooncakes, and this kind of mooncake usually have a shelf life of only one day.

对于这类月饼的处理,最近却引起了网友们不小的争议。

一位微博网友近日发帖称,目睹了一家生鲜超市将当天卖不完的鲜肉月饼“大规模丢弃”的场面:“鲜肉月饼还是热的,却从货架上撤下,丢到小推车里拉走扔掉。”

微博一发,评论区就“炸开了锅”。有人认为这是商家保证食品安全的负责任之举;但很多网友表示销毁临期食物是浪费行为,感到十分痛惜

Earlier this month, a Weibo post about a supermarket chain owned by e-commerce giant Alibaba sparked hot discussions about food disposal online. In the post, the Weibo user@xiaoyizizoe said that she was shocked by seeing freshly-baked mooncakes thrown into the trash can after business hours just at about 9:30 p.m.

Netizens criticized the supermarket for wasting the food rather than donating it to charities or people in need. However, the chain responded that it can’t donate unsold items because of health concerns. The company added that, to minimize food waste, it tries not to overstock its stores and offers discounts on products as they near their expiration dates.

“全球三分之一食品的归属不是胃,而是垃圾场”

从食品安全的角度,销毁临期和过期食品可以说是全球零售业的常规操作。但也有很多人质疑这一操作实际上是在浪费食物。对此,联合国粮农组织(FAO)也深感痛心。

据FAO统计,全球生产的粮食中有三分之一不是被损失就是被浪费了,不仅造成对用于生产粮食的劳动力、水、能源、土地和其他资源的滥用,也会加剧全球变暖。

▲只标注“赏味期限”而不标注保质期的食品

美国、英国、新西兰等国家的一些食品,除保质期外,还有最佳食用期或赏味期。过了最佳食用期但未到保质期的食品,会以低价打折出售,低价出售也卖不掉的话,闭店后往往就会被处理掉。

日本对食品保质期的要求更加严格,大量食品在临近赏味期限时就会被清理。日媒报道称日本每年因丢弃临期食品浪费的食品数量,是联合国粮食援助数量的两倍。

▲当地时间2019年5月17日,日本东京,罗森连锁便利店总裁宣布推出优惠举措,鼓励民众购买快过期的产品,减少食品浪费。

在英国,每年有600万吨的食物被废弃;在德国,每人平均每年扔掉55公斤的食物……

有人在浪费,有人却在挨饿。根据联合国《2019年全球粮食危机报告》,2018年全球有53个国家和地区的约1.13亿人,正在遭遇“严重饥饿”。

To avoid food safety issues, discarding perishable items and expired food is standard all over the world. But the huge waste it incurs should not be neglected either. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), roughly one third of all food produced globally for human consumption every year is thrown away each year. Food loss and waste also amount to a major squandering of resources, including water, land, energy, labor and capital and needlessly produce greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to climate change. In the meantime, more than 113 million people across 53 countries experienced acute hunger requiring urgent food, nutrition and livelihoods assistance in 2018, on the basis of Global Report on Food Crises 2019.

垃圾桶之外,临期食品还能“去往何处”?

临期食品怎么处理,一直是困扰商家的难题。对临期食品处置方式、处置时间节点的争议与“论战”也持续不断。“该卖”还是“该扔”,站在不同角度,想法也会不同。但如何寻求临期食品处置的“最大公约数”,化“浪费”为“消费”,国内外已有许多值得借鉴的案例。

In developing countries, the waste tends to happen at the beginning of the chain due to inferior harvesting, storing and cooling techniques. But in more developed countries, it’s consumer behavior that tends to be the biggest cause of waste. Innovators worldwide are coming up with multiple ways to “rescue” this excess food. In Europe, food banks or hubs make it available to those in need through an established network of community agencies. In Australia, a supermarket chain converts unsold loaves of bread into “circular economy beer”. And in China’s Shanghai, shared refrigerators in residential compounds provided by nearby restaurants and supermarkets include food that is free for anyone to take.

英国:临期食物回收店

2019年1月,英国第一家食物回收店“The Food Sharing Hub”在爱丁堡面包街开业。该中心每天使用一辆大型自行车从当地商超收集食物,然后让顾客挑选购买,让那些原本会被扔进垃圾场的食物得到再次被消费的机会。

丹麦:共享食品App

几年前,五位丹麦企业家发现自助餐厅里每天有很多食物会被直接扔掉,觉得非常可惜,于是开发了一款名为“Too Good To Go”的应用程序。这款程序类似一个线上商店,入驻的餐厅、面包坊、咖啡厅会将当天没卖完的食品以打折的价格打包出售。自2016年上线以来,已与12个欧洲国家的1000多个商业伙伴建立了合作,“拯救”了至少300万份餐食。

澳大利亚:剩面包酿啤酒

澳大利亚最大的食品零售商Woolworth在本月宣布采取了一项新计划,将未售出的面包酿成啤酒,以避免目前每天350公斤的剩面包流入填埋场。据报道,这种“循环经济啤酒”将通过该超市的合作伙伴进行出售,并为旨在让澳大利亚人填饱肚子的非营利组织筹集资金。

中国:社区分享冰箱

上海的公益组织“绿洲食物银行”与本地社区基金会合作,在普陀区、浦东新区等推出多个“分享冰箱”。冰箱内的食物大多来超市、便利店的捐赠,且并不全是临期食品。“分享冰箱”享有严格的全流程登记制度和食物供应协议,确保安全。社区工作人员介绍,“分享冰箱”没有门槛,只要有需求都可以拿。

按需购买食品

区分不同食品的储藏方法

抛弃对临期食品的偏见

餐餐光盘拒绝浪费

在解决食物浪费问题上

我们能做的还有很多